Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
But one thing has remained unchanged with pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will remain a thing of the past, because the basis for the treatment of pancreatitis is an almost permanent diet.The pancreas does not forgive nutritional errors, immediately responding with pain and digestive disorders.
Pancreatitis basics
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, due to liver and gallbladder disorders, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, dieting with the aim of losing weight.
The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain: sharp, dagger-like, almost to the point of loss of consciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- intestinal irregularities, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
For acute pancreatitis, you are usually hospitalized.Chronic flare-ups can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.Self-medication in case of pancreatitis is dangerous due to the development of complications including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic dissolution of glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis
Drug, enzyme and dietary therapy for pancreatitis is selected by the doctor, based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain more or less the same.They give rest to the digestion and pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Nutrition for pancreatitis is severely limited: most of the usual foods will have to be forgotten.You need to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with an 8-hour break for sleep.But the portions should be small in volume - about 200-250 g, especially the first time after an exacerbation of the disease.
All dishes are processed mechanically: almost all of them are consumed pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but you need to chew the food thoroughly.
Since during pancreatitis the whole body suffers due to insufficient supply of nutrients,it is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which greatly strain the pancreas, are limited to the minimum possible.Carbohydrates are given about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a juice effect are removed from the diet: meat and fish broths, cabbage juice and decoction;for the duration of a severe pain attack, therapeutic fasting for a period of 1-2 days under the supervision of a doctor is recommended.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour during the day.
Of course, with pancreatitis it is necessary to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.They are the most powerful provokers of seizures.
What should be excluded?
The list of banned products will become quite impressive and can be daunting at first.However, without complying with these restrictions, relief can take a long time.Gradually, you can carefully expand your diet, adhering to the general principles of proper nutrition.
So, for the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, it is necessary to exclude:
- beetroot soup, cabbage and borscht soup, okroshka, soups with meat, mushroom and fish broths, the broths themselves;
- fatty meat: pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal: kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned foods;
- sausages;
- fatty fish (catfish, star sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty milk dishes: cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- yolks, hard-boiled eggs;
- side dishes of millet, corn, barley, beans;
- cabbage, turnips, radishes, turnips, eggplants, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranate, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- chips, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, fruit juices, cocoa;
- all fresh bread and desserts, pancakes, tarts, shortcrust pastry.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but only for the duration of an acute process.Then you will be able to gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about annoying and “heavy” dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very varied, but it aims to maintain the rest of the pancreas and relieve inflammation.
Permit:
- yesterday's dry bread, crackers;
- vegetable and pasta soups;
- steamed meat and poultry dishes - cutlets, meatballs, rolls, pate, meat puree;
- boiled fish fillet (lean), baked fish, omelettes;
- milk, ricotta, low-fat and delicate cheese, kefir;
- vegetable oils and butter (in porridge);
- vegetable purees and stews, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened cooked fruit (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rosehip decoctions, herbal teas, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor you will gradually expand your menu.
Example menu
It is worth mentioning that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation subsides;in the acute phase of pancreatitis, fasting and the gradual introduction of food are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, which are approximately equal in terms of calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (not carbonated!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, natural mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, light tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef cutlet - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half a cooked pear.
- Afternoon snack: apple compote - 200 g, natural mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, sandwich with cheese (30 g of cheese, a piece of toast), light tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Third day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (natural!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a cooked pear, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled, pureed minced meat - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (not carbonated!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelette - 100 g, baked sweet apple, natural mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, light tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Fifth day
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, light tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelette - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish cutlet - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 2 pcs.
- Afternoon snack: cooked fruit - 100 g, low-fat ricotta - 100 g, natural mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (not carbonated!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly follow the diet and follow all instructions, you can quickly get relief.But a fairly strict diet with limitation of "heavy" foods will last from 3 to 6 months.And then you will have to constantly limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.